engleski

Glucose-Responsive “Smart” Insulin Systems

The complexity modern insulin-based therapy for Type I and Type II diabetes mellitus and the risks associated with excursions in blood-glucose concentration have motivated the development of “smartinsulin” technologies(glucose-responsive insulin ; GRI). A long-standing goal has been development of insulin delivery systemsthat would cooptimize treatment of hyperglycemia and prevention of hypoglycemia. Such systems would, like endogenous pancreatic β-cells, provide insulin action proportionate to the glycemic state of the patient without external monitoring by the patient or healthcare provider. Accordingly, “smart insulin” systems (broadly designated glucose-responsive insulin ; GRI) have attracted the attention of the research community for four decades. GRIs may be broadly classified as follows: 1. algorithm-based mechanical GRI systems ; coupling of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to deliver devices (algorithm-based “closed-loop” systems) ; (2) polymer-based systems in which insulin is encapsulated within a glucose- responsive polymericmatrix based vesicle or hydrogel ; or 3.molecular GRI analog systems, which involve the introduction of a glucose- sensitive motif to the insulin molecule or its formulation, in either case conferring glucose- responsive changes to the bioavailability or activity of the hormone. In theory, the ideal smart insulin would be administered once daily, achieving almost ideal glycemic control without hypoglycemia and requiring minimal dietary restrictions with significantly lower consumption of glycemic control strips.

diabetes mellitus ; modern insulin-based therapy

nije evidentirano