engleski

Fabrication of an all-solid-state ammonium paper electrode using a graphite-polyvinyl butyral transducer layer

A planar solid-state ammonium-selective electrode, employing a composite mediator layer of graphite particles embedded in a polyvinyl butyral matrix on top of an inkjet-printed silver electrode, is presented. The effect of graphite powder mass fraction on the magnitude of the po-tentiometric response of the sensor was systematically verified using a batch-mode and a flow injection measurement setup. Under steady-state conditions, the paper electrode provided a Nernstian response of 57.30 mV/pNH4 over the concentration range of 10–5 M to 10–1 M with a detection limit of 4.8×10– 6 M, while the analytical performance of the array in flow mode showed a narrower linear range (10–4 M to 10–1 M ; 60.91 mV/pNH4 slope) with a LOD value of 5.6×10–5 M. The experimental results indicate that the prepared electrode exhibited high stability and fast response to different molar concentrations of ammonium chloride solutions. The pH-response of the paper NH4-ISE was also investigated, and the sensor remained stable in the pH range of 2.5 – 8.5. The potentiometric sensor presented here is simple, lightweight and inexpensive, with a potential application for in- situ analysis of environmental water samples.

ammonium ; solid contact ion-selective electrode ; paper-based sensor ; membrane ; potentiometric sensor

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