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Bioremediation of Marine Oil Spill

Certain microorganisms (bacteria, yeasts, algae, fungi) use carbon from petroleum hydrocarbons as a source of food. These microorganisms can be used for effective clean-up of oil polluted sites on land or marine systems. The biological method, used for oil spill remediation, using microorganisms as “treating agents” is called bioremediation and it could be applied as bioaugmentation, in which oil-degrading microorganisms are added to the polluted site to enrich or to supplement the existing microbial population, or as biostimulation, in which nutrients (fertilizers) or dispersants/ biosurfactants are added to stimulate the growth of autochthon oil-degrading microorganisms. Even though the method is time-consuming, it has proven to be quite effective in removing petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment, and it is inexpensive and low-labour intensive.

Bioremediation, bioaugmentation, biostimulation, oil spill, remediation

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