engleski

Influence of reaction parameters on the synthesis of fatty acid propyl, isoamyl and octyl esters and their application properties in blends with mineral diesel

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel obtained via transesterification reaction from triglycerides (vegetable oils or animal fats) and alcohol with a catalyst. Therefore, the structure of biodiesel, as well as its properties, depends on the structure of fatty acids and alcohols it derives from.[1] Here, fatty acid propyl, isoamyl and octyl esters were synthesized from different feedstocks (sunflower oil, rapeseed oil, animal fat) and corresponding alcohols (propanol, isoamyl alcohol and octanol) with KOH as the catalyst. Furthermore, the reaction parameters that influence the biodiesel conversion (reaction temperature, time, molar ratio of the reactants and weight fraction of the catalyst) were also investigated, analyzed and optimized. The results showed that the biodiesel conversion largely depends on two parameters – molar ratio of the reactants and the weight fraction of the catalyst. In addition, different biodiesel-diesel mixtures were prepared to assess the influence biodiesel has on the application properties of mineral diesel, e.g. density, viscosity, cold filter plugging point and lubricity. For instance, lubricity results showed a reduction in wear scar diameter with the increase of fatty acid propyl esters in these biodieseldiesel blends. Finally, it was concluded that biodiesel, no matter what its origin was, could serve as an appropriate substitute to mineral diesel, up to 10 vol%.

biodiesel, transesterification, propanol, isopentanol, octanol

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