engleski

The Transfer of Knowledge and Experiences: Jaap Bakema, Split and the Notion of ‘the Core’

Dutch architect Jaap Bakema visited Split (Croatia, former Yugoslavia) in 1961. Based on his influential analysis of Diocletian’s Palace published in a special issue of the Dutch architectural magazine Forum in 1962, the link between Bakema’s work and Split has been historically and theoretically well documented. This research, however, approaches this link from the opposite direction. By examining local adaptations of the postwar CIAM 8’s idea of ‘The Heart of the City’, this paper retraces the influences that Bakema’s accompanying discourse has had on Split. Two local projects are discussed: the ‘City Centre Expansion Project’ (1959) designed by the architects Berislav Kalogjera and Antun Šatara, and the ‘Split 3 Centre’ project (1968) designed by the architects Vladimir Braco Mušič, Marjan Bežan and Nives Starc. Both projects were based on the urban notion of pedestrian life. Kalogjera and Šatara’s new pedestrian route in the vicinity of Diocletian’s Palace, envisaged as a civic centre that was originally planned to replace the cultural and administrative functions of the historical inner core, in the wake of political changes and the rise of a new kind of socialist consumer society, was reprogrammed to become an emblematic shopping street. The ‘Split 3 Centre’ project, on the other hand, offered a complex mix of public and residential facilities following the emergence of the idea of the polycentric model of the city. While the former tuned its urban form and scale in relation to its historical surroundings, the latter engaged in the late modern concept of the megastructure. This paper identifies the design methodologies employed in these two projects. It aims to show that what was instrumental in both these local adaptations of CIAM 8’s discourse was immediate contact with Bakema – through Šatara’s professional practice in Bakema’s office in 1957, and the multiple contacts that Mušič, later a Harvard graduate, had with Bakema during the 1950s.

Jaap Bakema, City of Split, CIAM 8, Antun Šatara, Vladimir Braco Mušič

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