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Images in Infectious Diseases: Nocardia brain abscesses

Nocardiosis is a rare infection with gram-positive aerobic rods of Nocardia genus. Immunocompromised patients are at increased risk ; however, one third of patientsnreported to have this infection are immunocompetent. The finding of Nocardia in any human sample is always a pathological finding. It can cause a localized or disseminated infection of any organ, and can progress despite adequate therapy. It can also recur years after successful treatment. Antimicrobial treatment usually lasts for 3 months in cases of isolated cutaneous infection and 12 months or longer in central nervous system involvement and in immunocompromised patients. In patients not responding to antimicrobial therapy, empyema formation and pulmonary nocardiosis with pericarditis, surgical treatment is frequently necessary.

Nocardia brain abscesses

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