engleski

Glucosinolates from plants of Capparidaceae family: Capparis spp. and Maerua baillonii

The Capparidaceae family consists of 16 genera and 480 species, which are mostly distributed in warm regions all around the world with Capparis (250) being the largest one. The genus Capparis is native to the Mediterranean basin, but is now widely distributed from Atlantic coasts (Morocco) to Black Sea lands and Caspian Sea. Very important group of bioactive components occurring in capers are glucosinolates (GSL). Three different species from this family were investigated. Leaves of Capparis micracantha DC. were collected in Vienna, Austria, while the fruits of Maerua baillonii Hadj-Moust. were from Madagascar. The whole plants of wild-growing Capparis spinosa L. (stem, leaf, flower, fruit), were harvested from four different locations in Croatia, Split, Mali Ston, Island of Brač, and Island of Hvar. GSLs were identified and quantified by their desulfo counterparts using LC-MS/MS analysis in different plant parts. Methyl GSL (glucocapparin) was predominant in all species ; C. micracantha (4.02 μmol/ g DW), C. spinosa (2.72-13.39 μmol/ g DW) and M. baillonii (12.90 μmol/ g DW). Tryptophan derived GSLs were the second most abundant GSLs: glucobrassicin in C. spinosa (0.26-8.44 μmol/ g DW), 4-hydroxyglucobrassicin in M. baillonii (1.03 μmol/ g DW). In addition, glucohirsutin and glucoarabin were detected as minor ones in C. spinosa. In order to investigate biological potential of GSL degradation products, the isolation of volatiles from plant material collected in Split and islands of Hvar and Brač was performed using conventional hydrodistillation (HD), and using modern microwave assisted distillation (MAD), and hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG). The isolates rich in methyl isothiocyanate were tested for cytotoxic activity on breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and human bladder cancer cell line T24 using MTT assay. The best cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 cell line was observed after 72h incubation time for Brač MHG isolate (IC50=3.81 μg/mL), and against T24 cell line after 72h for Brač MAD isolate (IC50= 5.95 µg/mL), both samples can be considered as highly active.

Capparidaceae family ; glucocapparin ; methyl isothiocyanate ; microwave assisted distillation ; hydrodiffusion and gravity ; cytotoxic activity

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