engleski

The impact of clime change on marine phytoplankton and food quality

Phytoplankton is one of the greatest potential natural sources of active compounds, including essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). These lipids have key roles in marine food web and also for human health and development. In the future, higher trophic levels will depend on phytoplankton that will successfully adapt to global climate change, especially to ocean warming. In this work, we investigated the short- term physiological adaptation of the marine diatom Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus to warming through phospholipid fatty acid remodeling in laboratory experiments. Five different growth temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ºC) were investigated. Total lipid classes were characterized by thin– layer chromatography with flame ionization detector, while high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization (tandem) mass spectrometry was used to characterize phospholipids fatty acid composition. The result show that the optimal growth temperature for C. pseudocurvisetus is 15 °C, but they have the ability to adapt to warming (up to 30 °C) by increasing the concentration of total cell lipids and phospholipids. The fatty acid composition of the six major phospholipid classes responded differently to warming, likely due to different roles in the cell. With the exception of phosphatidylcholines, general alterations to warming include a tendency of the fatty acid chain to shorten and a decrease in unsaturation. It is evident that higher growth temperature in C. pseudocurvisetus causes a decrease in PUFA in all phospholipids classes and therefore we can concluded that global warming will have a negative impact on the main source of PUFA in aquatic environments, and consequently on all aquatic organisms.

phospholipids ; polyunsaturated fatty acids ; ocean warming ; marine diatom ; Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus

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