engleski

The impact of climate change on fruit growing and fruit quality

The aim of this paper is to analyse the consequences of climate change on fruit production and to emphasise the importance of adapting cultivars and cultivation in order to obtain stable yields and better fruit quality. Climate change has become a major problem that negatively affects food production, especially yield and fruit quality. Climate change causes disturbances related to dormancy of fruit species, early flowering, occurrence of various disasters (frost, drought, hail, floods), and numerous other stress factors that negatively affect fruit species. Insufficient accumulation of inactive temperatures during dormancy causes numerous flower abortions resulting in reduced fertilisation and intense fruit decay. Frost, drought, or extremely high temperatures at the time of growth and ripening result in irregular fruit shape, size, and colour, which undermine fruit market value. Adverse factors also affect biochemical processes leading to altered chemical and nutritional composition of fruits. Previous studies suggest that traditional apple cultivars are more tolerant to adverse climatic conditions. Their fruits contain several polyphenols, suggesting that they are adapted to the adverse effects of biotic and abiotic factors. Due to their quality and chemical and nutritional composition, these cultivars represent a potential for cultivation and processing. For this reason, it is important to select suitable locations and cultivars according to the requirements of fruit species in order to apply appropriate technological protection against natural disasters to make fruit production more cost-effective and improve fruit quality. Only such a comprehensive approach can mitigate the negative effects of climate change.

climate change ; fruit guality ; polyhenols ; traditional cultivars

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