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Association of evening physical activity with quality and quantity of sleep in adolescents: moderating effect of sport participation

Purpose: The aim of this observational study is to investigate the association between physical activity (PA) performed in evening hours with quality and quantity of subsequent sleep in adolescents stratified by participation in organized sport. Methods: This investigation as a part of the CRO- PALS study included 123 adolescents (mean age=15.6 years, SD=0.4) with valid objective data on both sleep and PA assessed by the SenseWear Pro3 Armband™ activity and sleep monitor (BodyMedia Inc). Physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) recorded between 6 and 12 p.m. on each day across school week (Monday-Thursday) was extracted. The sleep parameters examined were: total sleep time as an indicator of sleep quantity, and sleep efficiency (SE), sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO) as markers of sleep quality. The hypothesis that the association between evening PAEE and sleep parameters is moderated by sports participation was tested by multilevel modeling for repeated measures using MLwIN. Results: In athletes, higher PAEE after 9 p.m. was accompanied with higher WASO (p=0, 028) and lower SE (p=0, 019). For every 100 kilocalories expend, SE receded by 1, 4 %. In non-athletes PAEE after 9 p.m. was accompanied only with slightly longer SOL (p=0, 037). For every 100 kilocalories expand, SOL prolonged by 3, 1 minutes. Conversely, PA performed between 6-9 p.m. in athletes and non-athletes did not interfere with any of the sleep parameters. Conclusion: PA after 9 p.m. impaired sleep quality in both athletic and non-athletic adolescents. Hence, both groups would benefit from scheduling PA earlier during the evening. Acknowledgments: This study was funded by the Croatian Science Foundation under the, grant numbers: IP-2016-06-9926. DOK-2018-09-8532 and DOK-2018-01-2328

Exercise, sleep, sport, adolescents

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