engleski

Bolting garlic quality and morphological traits are influenced by scape removal

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most cultivated crops used as food condiment and in traditional medicine. Bolting types or hardneck garlic grown in colder climates develop flower scapes, while non-bolting or softneck types prefer milder climates and do not develop inflorescences. There are many garlic landraces grown in Croatia and in its southern part most of them are bolting types which makes the removal of scapes a common agricultural practice. The aim of this research was to test the effect of scape removal on morphological and physico-chemical quality indicators in two bolting garlic landraces (‘Istarski crveni’ and ‘Brsečki’). The plants were planted in mid-October, and floral scapes were removed following spring when tips were visible between leaves. Harvest was performed at the end of June when bottom leaves died off and floral scapes were still green. Analyses were done after curing bulbs at room temperature for a month, including gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, and compression force measurement. Bulb weight, height, number of cloves, red-green colour component (a*), and TSS were higher in landrace ‘Brsečki’ compared to ‘Istarski crveni’. Scape removal increased bulb weight, diameter and height, while TSS and dry matter decreased in both landraces. The glucose content was higher in landrace ‘Brsečki’, while no difference in inulin, sucrose, and fructose content was found among landraces. Scape removal decreased glucose and increased fructose content in garlic cloves of both landraces. Major volatiles diallyl disulfide and methyl allyl disulfide were decreased by scape removal. The interaction of landrace and scape removal was observed for TSS, glucose, fructose, DPPH, and particular volatiles. According to the results of this study, scape removal in bolting garlic influences morphological traits and quality depending on the landrace, enhancing, however, bulb weight and size regardless of the landrace.

antioxidant capacity ; bioactive compounds ; bolting habit ; ecotypes ; sulphur compounds

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