engleski

Transcriptomic and proteomic studies of phytoplasma- infected plants

Recent advances in the development of high- throughput techniques and the corresponding software tools have enabled novel “-omics” approaches that are aimed at a better understand- ing of the mechanisms underlying phytoplasma pathogenicity and their interactions with their hosts. In this chapter, the literature on transcriptomic and proteomic studies on phytoplasma-infected plants are outlined and summarised. Although data are available only for a few plant species infected with phytoplasmas belonging to different taxonomic groups, some general conclusions on their interactions with their plant hosts can be deduced. Some of the most studied effects on phytoplasma-infected plants include: (i) down-regulation of a wide array of genes associated with photosynthesis, and changes in the corresponding protein levels ; (ii) al- terations to carbohydrate metabolism at the transcriptome and proteome levels ; (iii) differen- tial expression of plant secondary metabolites, as mainly up-regulation of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis ; and (iv) changes in expression of genes related to auxin, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signalling pathways involved in plant defence responses. Furthermore, stud-ies on the roles of micro-RNAs in post- transcriptional gene regulation during plant responses to phytoplasmas, and on the functions of long non-coding RNAs during phytoplasma infec- tion, are also reviewed.

gene expression, metabolome, phytoplasma infection, proteome, transcriptome

nije evidentirano