engleski

ASSOCIATIONS OF SLEEP QUALITY WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK FACTORS IN ADOLESCENTS

Purpose: The aim of this observational study was to determine whether objectively assessed sleep quality is associated with overweight, high blood pressure and low physical activity level in 15-16-year-old children. Methods: This investigation is a part of the CRO- PALS, a 4 year longitudinal cohort study among adolescents in Zagreb (Croatia). The sample for this investigation consists of 128 adolescents (mean age=15.6 years, SD=0.4) with complete data on sleep efficiency (SE), BMI, blood pressure (RR) and physical activity (PA) level. To objectively measure sleep and PA, participants wore the SenseWear Pro3 Armband™ monitor (SWA ; software v. 8.1 ; BodyMedia Inc., PA, USA) for whole 5 consecutive days. Sleep quality was operationalized through sleep efficiency (SE) and was considered low if average SE<75% (Ohayon at al., 2017). High blood pressure was determined according to cut-offs from the Fourth report on high RR in children and adolescents (Falkner, et. al., 2004), overweight (including obesity) was categorized according to IOTF criteria (Cole et al., 2012) and adequate PA level was judged according to WHO global recommendations. Associations of low SE with overweight, high RR and low PA level were tested by logistic regression analysis using MedCalc statistical software. The model was adjusted for age, gender and smoking. Data are presented as odds ratios (95%CI). Results: Average SE was classified as low in 32/128 participants (25%). Low SE was not associated with obesity (OR=1.01 ; 95% CI= 0.15-6.95), high RR (OR=1.49 ; 95%CI=0.41-5.39) or low PA (OR=1.73 ; 95%CI=0.45- 6.64). Conclusion: We found that reduced average SE over 5 days of objective monitoring was not associated with obesity, high RR and low PA when adjusted for age, gender and smoking. Longer period of monitoring may be needed to show adverse health effects of inadequate sleep in adolescence. Acknowledgments: This study was funded by the Croatian Science Foundation, grant number: IP- 2016-06-9926.

Exercise, sleep, blood pressure, overweight

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