engleski

The effect of solvent type and extraction method on the lipid fraction isolated from Adriatic Sea algae

Marine organisms are potential sources of valuable bioactive molecules such as fatty acids, sterols and pigments which can be used in the development of new nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Because of their high productivity, diversity and traditional diet consumption in China and Japan, particular interest is attributed to seaweeds. Considering that conventional extraction (CE) techniques are time consuming and require high solvent input, advanced techniques e.g. accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) are being developed. In this research, the impact of different solvents (hexane and ethyl acetate:ethanol 1:1 (v/v)) and extraction methods (CE and ASE at 25 and 100 °C) on the lipid extract yield, fatty acid and pigment composition of different types of seaweed were investigated. All the macroalgae (Cystoseira barbata, Codium bursa, Cystoseira compressa and Fucus virsoides) originated from the Adriatic Sea and were collected in the Zadar region. Palmitic (16, 98 %), oleic (26, 10 %) and linolenic (5, 97 %) fatty acids were the most represented in all four tested species. Macroalgae Cystoseira barbata had the best ω-6/ω-3 fatty acids ratio, while yield and total pigments were the highest in Fucus virsoides extracts. Solvent type had significant impact on total pigments, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, protochlorophyll with ethyl acetate:ethanol showing better efficiency. Even though ASE did not result in higher lipid extract yield, contents of carotenoids and total pigments were the highest in ASE 100 samples. Results of sterol determination which was made in order to obtain additional information for species differentiation showed that Cystoseira barbata extracts had the highest levels of total sterol among which fucosterol was dominant. Fucosterol also comprised more than 90 % of Fucus virsoides sterol profile while β-sitosterol was dominant in Codium bursa and Cystoseira compressa.

Macroalgae ; fatty acids ; pigments ; sterols ; ASE

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