engleski

The resistance of croatian traditional apple cultivars to P. expansum and subsequent production of patulin

The 25-50% of the total world annually fruit loss is caused by some mycotoxigenic foodborne fungi, mainly by Penicillium expansum. Apart from the fact that the contamination with P. expansum affects economic losses, it also causes the accumulation of patulin in apple fruit, which negatively affect food safety and human health. Regarding this problem and any possible solutions, attention is drawn to traditional apple cultivars, which contain higher amount of polyphenolic compounds. Such compounds are the bearers of apple resistance to plant diseases, as well as to abiotic stress from various source. Traditional apple cultivars showed great potential for P. expansum infection resistance due to higher levels of polyphenols, procyanidins, dihydrochalones, flavan-3-ols, flavonols and phenolic acids. Based on that, the resistance of Croatian traditional apple cultivars ‘Kleker’, ‘Masanka’ and ‘Paradija’ to infection by P. expansum experiment was performed after harvesting and after three months storage period. Each traditional apple cultivar samples were analysed by HPLC in purpose of polyphenol profile determination. Furthermore, sterilised 1 cm thick apple slices were inoculated by 168 hours old P. expansum (CBS 325.48) disc grown on potato dextrose agar in Petri’s dish at 29°C. Inoculated apple samples were incubated at 29°C until the P. expansum colony reaches the edge of apple slice. After that time, samples were stored at -80°C. Patulin content was determined in stored samples by UPLC-MS/MS method. Extracts were prepared by MycoSeop® 228 AflaPat Multifunctional Columns. Results showed that patulin was detected only in ‘Mašanka’ after three months of storage (49.90 ± 3.39 µg/kg). Furthermore, a total of 17 phenolic compound were detected. ‘Kleker’ had the highest content of procyanidins, dihydrochalcones and flavonols, ‘Paradija’ had the highest content of phenolic acids and ‘Mašanka’ had the highest content of flavanols

Croatian traditional apple cultivars ; polyphenols ; P. expansum ; patulin ; HPLC, UPLC-MS/MS

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