engleski

What Makes the Sport a Valuable Human Activity? A Sport-Philosophical Perspective

In this paper, I will approach the question of why people are getting engaged in sport and/or what makes the sport a valuable human activity - from the sport-philosophical perspective. In order to do that, I will turn to the conception of internalism and internal values of sport (IVS), which has produce several answers to the question that are considered as the essential. Research was conducted by the application of the critical analysis as well as a critical review method. Three conceptions of internalism were developed:1) historicistic conventionalist internalism, introduced by W. J. Morgan ; 2) interpretivism, brought by J. S. Russell ; and 3) broad internalism or interpretive formalism, by R. Simon, J. S Russel and N. Dixon, as well as two recent attempts to develop them further - pluralistic (broad) internalism presented by S. Kretchmar and shallow interpretivism by S. MacRae. In them, several internal values of sport were pointed out such as striving for excellence (Morgan, Russell, Simon), fair play (Russell, Simon), gratuitous logic of sport (Morgan), and human flourishing (Simon). However, I find them unsatisfactory, mostly because they are depicted in universalistic abstract manner. In my view, they should be expressed and explained in much more concrete and realistic way strongly connected to the sports practice. Thus, I will present my eightfold model of IVS or eight areas of human sporting life in which IVS become obvious in a concrete and explicit manner: 1) intersubjective ; 2) emotional ; 3) spiritual ; 4) sensual ; 5) epistemological ; 6) aesthetical ; 7) ethical ; 8) anthropological. Conclusions: Internal values of sport are the ultimate answer to the question why sport is valuable human activity, but also why it gives opportunities for human flourishing and a good purposeful life. However, because of the universalistic and abstract depiction of IVS in the literature thus far, I developed a new model which answers what are they concretely and where and how they can be detected.

philosophy of sport, intrinsic or internal values, excellence, human flourishing

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