hrvatski

Embryotoxicity of dental restorative materials

Introduction: Final adjustment and polishing or removal of dental fillings produce particles of restorative materials of various sizes that can reach the wastewater. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of particles of restorative materials and their degradation products on the environment and non-target organisms using Danio rerio zebrafish embryos. Materials and methods: The study included dental amalgam (Amalcap plus, Ivoclar Vivadent), commercial composite (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent ; A2) and laboratory composite (BisGMA / TEGDMA, 70wt% filler). After polymerization of the composite materials (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent ; 1200mW / cm2, 10s), or hardening of the amalgam (1h), micrometer particles were made and suspended in artificial water at various dilutions. Samples were continuously shaken during 48-h and 7-days incubation, followed by determination of embryotoxicity using Danio rerio embryos. Within 96 h of embryonic development on tested samples, lethal and sublethal (developmental abnormalities, cardiotoxicity, melanogenesis, etc.) endpoints were monitored. Results: All tested samples revealed high embryotoxicity. The commercial composite showed the lowest toxicity (1.5g of the composite caused 90% mortality, while in the other tested materials the same effect was observed already during the 250mg test). The laboratory composite showed higher toxicity in comparison to the commercial one, but its toxicity was reduced after 7 days of incubation compared to 48-h. Unlike the composite, the amalgam showed increased toxicity after 7 days of incubation (100%) versus 48-h (60%). High mortality on amalgam was present at all tested dilutions (0.25-4g). Conclusion: The highest percentage of composite-induced embryotoxicity was observed after 48 h of material incubation, while the highest percentage of amalgam-induced mortality was recorded after 7-days of material incubation. The obtained results emphasize the importance of such research and contribute to the establishment of biomarkers at different levels of biological organization in order to determine their safety for environment and non-target organisms.

toxicity ; dental materials ; composite ; amalgam

nije evidentirano

engleski

Embryotoxicity of dental restorative materials

Introduction: Final adjustment and polishing or removal of dental fillings produce particles of restorative materials of various sizes that can reach the wastewater. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of particles of restorative materials and their degradation products on the environment and non-target organisms using Danio rerio zebrafish embryos. Materials and methods: The study included dental amalgam (Amalcap plus, Ivoclar Vivadent), commercial composite (Tetric EvoCeram, Ivoclar Vivadent ; A2) and laboratory composite (BisGMA / TEGDMA, 70wt% filler). After polymerization of the composite materials (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent ; 1200mW / cm2, 10s), or hardening of the amalgam (1h), micrometer particles were made and suspended in artificial water at various dilutions. Samples were continuously shaken during 48-h and 7-days incubation, followed by determination of embryotoxicity using Danio rerio embryos. Within 96 h of embryonic development on tested samples, lethal and sublethal (developmental abnormalities, cardiotoxicity, melanogenesis, etc.) endpoints were monitored. Results: All tested samples revealed high embryotoxicity. The commercial composite showed the lowest toxicity (1.5g of the composite caused 90% mortality, while in the other tested materials the same effect was observed already during the 250mg test). The laboratory composite showed higher toxicity in comparison to the commercial one, but its toxicity was reduced after 7 days of incubation compared to 48-h. Unlike the composite, the amalgam showed increased toxicity after 7 days of incubation (100%) versus 48-h (60%). High mortality on amalgam was present at all tested dilutions (0.25-4g). Conclusion: The highest percentage of composite-induced embryotoxicity was observed after 48 h of material incubation, while the highest percentage of amalgam-induced mortality was recorded after 7-days of material incubation. The obtained results emphasize the importance of such research and contribute to the establishment of biomarkers at different levels of biological organization in order to determine their safety for environment and non-target organisms.

toxicity ; dental materials ; composite ; amalgam

nije evidentirano