engleski

How to Utilize Structural Features of the Algal Cells for Electrochemical Differentiation at the Liquid-Liquid Interfaces?

The structural features of algae determine cell behavior in the aquatic systems. They are of importance for the fundamental understanding of cell-cell and cell-substrate interactions. Most of the reported work on algal cell-substrate interactions focuses on the properties of a substrate while structural features and surface properties of algae are neglected. We aim to examine the effects of algal structural features on adhesion and spreading at a charged liquid- liquid interface i.e. mercury/aqueous electrolyte. Upon impact of algal cell with the mercury interface a fast deformation occurs, followed by membrane rupture and spreading of the intracellular content on the interface which causes double-layer charge displacement and registration of amperometric signal of a single cell. Four unicellular algal cell species with distinctive barrier structures were selected as representative organisms. Results show that algal cells with a thin elastic plasma membrane, and with a cellulose amphiesma adhere to and spread over a charged mercury interface at species- specific potential ranges which are registered as well-defined amperometric signals. In contrast algal cells encased with a thin calcite incrustrated theca, and with an organosilicate cell wall, do not adhere to the charged interface and thus do not generate an amperometric signal behaving as non-deformable at the interface [1]. These differences in adhesion behavior of algal cells determined amperometrically are in agreement with reported cell mechanical properties determined with AFM [2, 3]. Surface charge density ranges for algal adhesion at the mercury interface become broader by increasing the complexity of plasma membrane structure, thus the critical interfacial tension can be considered as a parameter for adhesion differentiation of soft algal cells. The electrochemical method at mercury electrode offers direct, fast, high throughput differentiation of algal cells which could be used in cell biology, biotechnology, and for monitoring of stressed algal cells in the perturbed aquatic environment [4]. Acknowledgment This work is supported by the Croatian Science Foundation Projects "From algal cell surface properties to stress markers for aquatic ecosystems" (IP-2018-01-5840). References [1] N. Novosel and N. Ivošević DeNardis, Structural features of the algal cell determine adhesion behavior at a charged interface, Electroanalysis, 33, 2021, 1-9. [2] F. Pillet, E. Dague, J. Pečar Ilić, I. Ružić, M-P. Rols, and N. Ivošević DeNardis, Changes in nanomechanical properties and adhesion dynamics of algal cells during their growth, Bioelectrochemistry, 127, 2019, 154-162. [3] G. Pletikapić, A. Berquand, T. Mišić Radić, and V. Svetličić Quantitative nanomechanical mapping of marine diatom in seawater using peak force tapping atomic force microscopy, J. Phycol. 48, 2012, 174-185 [4] N. Ivošević, J. Pečar Ilić, I. Ružić, N. Novosel, T. Mišić Radić, A. Weber, D. Kasum, Z. Pavlinska, R. K. Balogh, H. Balint, A. Marček Chorvátová, and B. Gyurcsik, Algal cell response to laboratory-induced cadmium stress: a multimethod approach, Eur. Biophys. J., 48, 2019, 124-142.

adhesion ; algal cells ; amperometry ; surface properties

nije evidentirano