engleski

Lipid peroxidation in brain tumors

Lipid peroxidation is achieved by two main pathways, enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation. In this paper, we focus on non- enzymatic, self- catalyzed chain reaction of poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) peroxidation generating reactive aldehydes, notably 4- hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which acts as a second messenger of free radicals and a growth regulating factor. There is enough evidence showing that lipid peroxidation plays very important role in development of various diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors. Its origin might be from astrocytes as well as from blood vessels, also within the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which is in case of brain tumors transformed into the blood-brain- tumor barrier (BBTB). The functionality of the BBB is strongly affected by 4-HNE, which forms relatively stable protein adducts thus allowing the persistence and spread of lipid peroxidation, as revealed by immunohistochemical findings. Because 4-HNE can act as a regulator of vital functions of normal and of malignant cells acting in the cell-type and concentration-dependent manners, the bioactivities of this reactive aldehyde should further be studied to reveal if it acts as a co-factor of carcinogenesis or/and as a factor of defense against primary brain tumors and metastatic cancer.

central nervous system ; brain ; oxidative stress ; lipid peroxidation ; 4-hydrodxynonenal ; cancer ; metastases ; blood-brain barrier ; astrocytes ; glioblastoma ; blood vessels

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