engleski

Intellectual capital and business performance: Identification of different research directions

This paper provides a unique systematization of previous empirical studies related to the impact of intellectual capital on business performance. The first part of the paper presents the definition of intellectual capital, discusses the concept of human, structural and customer capital (which are components of intellectual capital) and provides an overview of pioneering research related to the role of intellectual capital in modern business. Based on such a theoretical review, a basis for research was developed. In methodological terms, it was conducted by content analysis of existing scientific material. With the aim of systematizing and classifying existing research, a content analysis of over forty scientific papers, available in the Google Scholar database was conducted. The studies are categorized according to the method of determining (measuring) intellectual capital and the mechanism of expressing the performance of the company. Analysis resulted in the identification of four research directions in this area. Each paper is categorized into one of the following groups: (a) research that measure the intellectual capital of large enterprises using VAIC, or similar indicators, and are based on data collected from secondary sources, (b) research that measure intellectual capital using a questionnaire developed by Bontis (1998), or similar survey questionnaires, and are based on data collected from primary sources, (c) research that are dealing with the impact of intellectual capital on SMEs performance, (d) research that examine the impact of intellectual capital on non-financial business performance. Given the abundance of quantitative opus and the heterogeneity of the findings, it can be concluded that this research area is saturated and requires guidance towards new, qualitative research directions.

company performance ; intellectual capital ; Nick Bontis ; organisation performance ; VAIC™

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