engleski

Impact and utilisation of the mitogenome in livestock breeding and genetics

Which information beyond the nuclear inheritance can a mitogenome provide us with? The role of the mitogenome is evident from its structure and biology. We can determine it using Sanger or NGS sequencing. Importance of mitogenome determination is explained trough an example of Bos taurus mitogenomes retrieved from the NCBI, obtained by Illumina NGS sequencing and retrieved and extracted from the whole-genome sequences. Diversity analyses and phylogenetic classification of the haplogroups are a first important result of mitogenome analyses. Domestication and traceability can be analyzed using demographic models such as the Bayesian skyline. Using pedigree analysis and imputation can help with designing sampling techniques using software such as the MaGelLAn. Mitogenome impact on the phenotypic variability are investigated in cattle for milk production, growth and fertility traits and in production and fertility traits in pigs. Different tools are useful for discerning detrimental mutations in the mitogenome. Future challenges in mitogenome analysis include dealing with mitogenome nuclear disequilibrium as well as determining the impact of heteroplasmy on phenotypic variation.

mitogenome ; diversity ; traceability ; domestication ; archaeogenetics

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