engleski

Application of high resolution ICP-MS analysis for assessment of coffee and coffee by-products as source of minerals

Coffee is one of the most appreciate beverage in the world. Its production and consumption generate a large amount of waste and by-products throughout steps of coffee processing. For instance, coffee silver skin (CSS) and spent coffee ground (SCG)are the wasted fractions generated by roasting of green coffee, and by the treatment of roasted and grounded coffee powder with hot water to obtain brew. Although CSS and SCG are usually discharged into the environment they could be used as valuable resources of different phytochemicals and nutrients. In that connection, this work shows their exploitation as the sources of micronutrients, i.e., minerals, essential to human health. Besides them, in this study are also uantified non-essential and toxic elements using high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP-MS). With the aim to validate the quantities of selected metals in CSS and SCG the comparative study on green and roasted espresso coffee was also performed. Results showed that coffees and its by-products contained high mass fractions of essential macro-elements, in particular K (2387-35 993 mg/kg) and Mg (1263-5298 mg/kg). Among essential trace elements, prevails Fe (41.8 do 728 mg/kg), followed by Cu, Mg and Zn. Ultra-trace essential elements (Li, Mo, Cr, Co and Se) are found in quantities of 0.02-2.42 mg/kg. Regarding non-essential elements, e.g., Pb, As, Cd and Sn with harmful effects on health is showed that their mass fractions in coffees and its by- product (0.01-0.25 mg/kg) are below permitted levels. Thus, by consuming them, as well as other potentially toxic metals quantified in this work (U, Cs, Sb, V and Ni) it is not possible to provoke any of toxic effects. Overall, gained results reveled that coffees and its by-products are the rich sources of elements. Particularly, the coffee silver skin contains the highest mass fraction of the major essential elements quantified in this work. Thus, the possible uses of CSS as a low-cost, novel source for minerals intakes should be valorized.

coffee ; coffee by-products ; essential ; non-essential elements ; toxic elements ; HR-ICP-MS analysis

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