engleski

Epidemiology and status of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome in the western balkan region: challenges and prospects

Two decades after its emergence, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) remains a challenge to the sustainability of the porcine industry worldwide. In the Western Balkan region in particular, control of the disease is hampered by fragmentation of pig production ; lack of farmer knowledge regarding health care ; the fact that most farms are small, single-site pig operations with low biosecurity standards ; and intensive trading and import of pigs from different countries without known health status and without quarantine. All these factors contribute to rapid disease transmission among pig operations. PRRS entered the Western Balkan region in 1995, when it appeared in Croatia and slightly later in Serbia, and again after 2004 when it entered Slovenia and potentially other countries. All PRRS cases originally described in the Western Balkans appear to have been caused by infection with type 1 subtype 1 PRRSV ; more recently, infection with type 2 virus has also been reported. Veterinary services have an important role to play in monitoring and controlling spread of PRRS, but control programs in the region are either inconsistent or non-existent. Available epidemiological data suggest that new PRRSV introduction into Western Balkan countries is less likely to occur via animal transfers within the region and more likely to occur via arrivals from elsewhere in the EU. Strong efforts are needed to develop and implement guidelines for pig movement, implement biosecurity measures, establish consistent diagnostic testing for PRRS virus, and classified pig herds according to health status and farmer education.

PRRSV ; Slovenia ; Croatia ; Serbia

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