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Primary DNA damage in peripheral blood and kidney cells of Swiss albino mice after Isoflurane anesthesion and whole body gamma- radiation exposure

Synergistic effect of anaesthesia and ionizing irradiation (IR) during different medical procedures is still unexplained. It is well documented that IR is genotoxic by direct or indirect way of action. The halogenated volatile anaesthetics isoflurane (ISO) is the most commonly used anaesthetics for surgical procedures. Although volatile anaesthetics are delivered and primarily eliminated via lungs, the metabolism of certain inhaled halogenated anaesthetics can produce inorganic fluoride that may be directly nephrotoxic. The aim of this study was to determine synergistic effect of whole body γ- radiation (60Co) exposure (2 Gy) and exposure to volatile anaesthetic ISO (2.4 %, 50:50) on primary DNA damage (alkaline comet assay) in peripheral blood and kidney cells of Swiss albino mice in three groups: non-treated controls, group exposed to IR and group with combined anaesthesia and IR exposure. Primary DNA damage was evaluated immediately after, 2, 6, and 24 h after the treatment. In both groups exposure caused significantly higher DNA damage than in the control group, and that damage did not reach control values still after 24 hours from the treatment. In peripheral blood, combined treatment demonstrated lower DNA damage values immediately after and 2 h from the exposure when compared to IR. After 6 and 24 hours, combined treatment showed constant amount of DNA damage, which was not seen in IR demonstrating that primary DNA damage was not repaired. Similar effect with higher amount of DNA damage for 6 and 24 h was seen in combined treatment in kidney cells, probably due to metabolization and elimination processes of the drug in the organism and longer exposure of kidney irradiated cells. The study demonstrated that combined IR and anaesthetics effects during medical procedures should be taken into consideration. Considering possible enhancement of DNA damage, mutual interactions of these two agents should be further examined in details, and a continuation of research in that regard is needed

comet assay ; isoflurane, Swiss albino mice, DNA damage ; ionizing radiation

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