nije evidentirano

Ризик категоризација на пациентите со дијабетично стапало

Developing of foot ulcers are most frequent complication on diabetic foot. 20 – 25% of patients with diabetes throughout their lives will develop ulcers on their feet. It is estimated that patients with diabetes have 25 fold higher prevalence of amputation than people without the disease. Every 30 seconds a lower limb is lost/amputated somewhere in the world as a consequence of diabetes. 70-85% of these amputations is precipitated by a foot ulcer. Lower limb amputation is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, as approximately 50% experience foot ulceration or amputation of contralateral limb within 2-5 years. Sensory neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, foot deformities and unregulated blood sugar levels are the most important risk factors for this condition. Trauma of the foot in the presence of sensory neuropathy and improperly fitted shoes, is also risk factor of ulceration, as it lead to callus formation. Other factors that commonly contribute to risk of ulceration include duration of diabetes, poor diabetes control, chronic renal disease and visual loss. Annual examinations of the patients, presence or absence of sensory neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, and identification of deformities and ulcers of the feet are the most important parameters on which the risk categorization for the diabetic foot is based. There are 3 stages of risk for diabetic foot in patients who suffer from diabetes. Foot with low risk – there are no risk factors identified or previous ulceration/amputation of the foot. Foot with medium risk – 1 risk factor is present (neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease or deformities of the foot) without previous history for ulcers/amputation of the foot. Foot with high risk – patients with two or more risk factors (neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, deformities and/or previous history of ulcer/amputation of the foot. The protocols for prevention and healing with this risk categorization enable countries with programs for early diagnosis and prevention (Canada and Australia) to reduce for 50% the number of amputations for diabetic foot in 10 years period. In the Republic of Macedonia no such program exists.

дијабетично стапало ; евалуација ; улцери на стапaлата ; ризик стратификација

Rad je izvorno pisan na makedonskom jeziku.