engleski

The gut microbiota diversity of ichthyofauna from the various environments

The diversity of gut microbiota is crucial for many host functions including digestion, nutrition, disease resistance and immunity. Fish gut microbiota is more complex than was previously believed and is characterized by a great bacterial diversity. However, the role of many of them is still unclear. The gut microbiota of aquatic organisms is influenced by various environmental factors such as water conditions, geographical location, developmental stage, diet, aquaculture technology etc. This work represents a literature review of studies that describe the microbiota found in the gastrointestinal tract of fish from various environments (wild and cultured populations) and different environmental conditions. Results indicate that the most dominant microbiota of the gut comes from phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria. Also, gut microbiota varies between freshwater and marine fish, between different trophic levels, and has different composition when fish is fed with different types of fish meal.

bacteria ; gastrointestinal tract ; diet ; aquaculture

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