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The Evolution of Yugoslav Non-alignment: How Yugoslavia Abandoned its Opposition to Neutrality

Yugoslavia was one of the beneficiaries of the Cold War order. The West had been ready to support Belgrade for as long as country was willing to preserve its independence from Soviet influence. Harsh critics of such policy were normally silenced, since similar treatment Yugoslavia had, was given to Franciso Franco’s Spain. Nobody, was, therefore squeezing Belgrade too hard since mid- 1950’. Since that time, Yugoslavia was pursuing its separate, non-aligned path in the international arena. A group of the non-aligned and neutral countries (NNA), which was formed during the process of negotiations that was taking place under the auspices of the Conference on European Security and Cooperation, occupied an important place in Yugoslav foreign policy. It was upon them – Finland, Austria, and Yugoslavia above all – that these world changes had a profound impact. The countries that made up the NNA group were respected, but disparate, with different standpoints on the concept of neutrality. Unlike Yugoslavia, all other countries in the NNA group were stable, not in danger of disintegrating in an armed conflict, which made their adaptation to the new circumstances in 1990 easier. In my article I would stress the importance of NNA group during the 1980’ and try to explain why neutrality and conflict was not an option for Yugoslavia, why it is not an option for former Yugoslav nations until today.

Yugoslavia, Non-alignment, Neutrality, Cold War, Helsinki Conference 1975

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