engleski

Underactive bladder: an often overlooked condition

Urinary bladder outlet obstruction can cause lower urinary tract symptoms such as weak or interrupted urine stream, straining to void, hesitancy, and sense of incomplete bladder emptying in men and women. These symptoms can also be associated with underactive bladder syndrome. This urological condition has a high prevalence in all genders, especially in the older age groups. The most common risk factors that can contribute to the pathogenesis of underactive bladder syndrome are aging, detrusor myopathy, neuroinflammatory, neurodegenerative and other lesions of the central and peripheral nervous system, and diabetes mellitus. Reduced detrusor contractility or detrusor underactivity is the most common pathology of underactive bladder syndrome. Detrusor underactivity is a urodynamic definition provided by the International Continence Society. The urodynamic trace is characterized by the low urine flow rate together with low detrusor pressure or brief detrusor muscle contraction. Underactive bladder syndrome is often poorly recognized and treated in clinical practice because the symptoms are not specific. Furthermore, the underactive bladder can be asymptomatic or coexist with bladder outlet obstruction and overactive bladder syndrome. The aim of this study was to review the recent literature concerning the etiology, classification, diagnostic evaluation, and available treatment methods for patients with symptoms of underactive bladder syndrome. Making an accurate diagnosis of the underactive bladder is challenging because it is a multifactorial condition with various patterns of presentation. Consequently, there is still no general agreement and standardization of the most favorable diagnostic and therapeutical approach.

Urinary bladder Underactive ; Urodynamics ; Urinary retention ; Ultrasonography

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