engleski

THE NEOLITHIC SITE OF GORJANI–KREMENJAČA REVISITED: RESULTS FROM MAGNETIC PROSPECTION, CORING AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL TRENCHING

The Neolithic site of Kremenjača, located 1 km to the east of the village of Gorjani (Osijek-Baranja County, Croatia) was first men-tioned in the 1960s (Dimitrijević, 1968). Its identification based on surface finds attributed to the Starčevo and Sopot cultures, however, its dimensions and settlement chronology remained widely unclear. The systematic archaeological investigation of the site only started in 2015. So far, four trenches were opened, revealing both, Bronze Age and Neolithic material. Moreover, poten-tial house structures were excavated containing burnt daub, compacted yellow loess and post holes (Šošić Klindžić et al., 2019). Magnetic prospection was started on a smaller test area in 2016. During three campaigns in autumn 2018 and 2019 an area of 20 hectares was surveyed using a multi-sensor fluxgate gradiometer array with GPS-RTK positioning. The large-scale data show 89dense settlement structures with a complex stratigraphy and a complex system of circular ditches covering an area of at least 20 hectares. The results of the most recent survey on areas in the northeastern surroundings of Kremenjača, question the “site” concept. The data show traces of another Neolithic settlement core in a distance to the assumed centre of the ditch systems of 600 m, and bridge to another ring ditch, the site of Gorjani–Topola, so that a larger prehistoric agglomeration of at least 50 hectares can be assumed. Excavation and magnetic prospection were accompanied by coring, both in the central part of the Kremenjača set-tlement and in the surrounding outer ditch system. A joint interpretation of all data sets contributes to understand the settlement development and the to set up chronology of this Prehistoric complex. The presented example prove that substantial archaeological information can be gathered even from fragmented data sets, including magnetic survey, excavations and coring.

geomagnetic survey ; Neolithic ; enclosure

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