engleski

Craniofacial Growth in Adolescence and its Influence on the Mandibular Incisor Crowding

Background: To analyse craniofacial growth during adolescence from the ages of 12 to 21 years and its relation to late mandibular incisor crowding. Methods: The study included 61 orthodontically untreated subjects (49% males). Lateral cephalograms were used to assess jaw growth and inclination of the incisors. Little’s Irregularity Index and the anterior arch depth of mandibular dentition were measured. Results: A reduction of the skeletal class angle (ANB) was observed in both genders, although significant only in males (η2=0.188 ; p=0.015). The mandible grew more than maxilla and more in males than in females. The skeletal vertical dimension however, demonstrated a significant reduction in both genders (η2=0.527-0.593, p<0.001). The mandibular incisors tended to retrocline in both genders, while the maxillary ones tended to procline in males and slightly retrocline in females. The decrease in the mandibular dental arch depth occurred in both genders (η2=0.259 ; p<0.05). An increase in the incisor's irregularity for 1.8±1.7 mm on average (95% CI 1.3-2.2 ; η2=0.520 ; p<0.001) is observed in both genders. Logistic regression revealed that less sagittal growth of maxilla (increase of SNA angle ≤2°) and reduction of convexity in skeletal sagittal interjaw relationship (reduction of ANB ≥1°) were significant predictors of occurrence of crowding (Δ Little Irregularity Index ≥1mm) yielding odds ratios of 4.9 and 4.8. Conclusions: The differential growth of the maxilla and mandible is related to the occurrence of late crowding, mostly by smaller amount of maxillary sagittal growth compared to mandible.

Growing subjects ; Malocclusion ; Adolescence ; Cephalometry ; Crowding

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