Naslov
Adipose tissue cadmium concentrations as a potential risk factor for insulin resistance and future type 2 diabetes mellitus in GraMo adult cohort

Autori
Salcedo-Bellido, Inmaculada ; Gómez-Peña, Celia ; Pérez-Carrascosa, Francisco M. ; Vrhovnik, Petra ; Mustieles, Vicente ; Echevarría, Ruth ; Fiket, Željka ; Barrios-Rodríguez, Rocío ; Jiménez-Moleón, Jose J. ; Arrebola, Juan P.

Izvornik
Science of the total environment (0048-9697) 780 (2021); 146359, 10

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
adipose tissue ; biomonitoring ; cadmium ; insulin resistance ; insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes mellitus

Sažetak
Adipose tissue has been recently highlighted as a promising matrix for evaluation of cadmium’s (Cd) long-term exposure although not frequently considered in epidemiological studies. The association between Cd exposure and type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear and, to our knowledge, no previous studies have investigated Cd levels in adipose tissue and T2DM risk. This work aimed to explore the association between adipose tissue Cd levels and T2DM incidence over a 16-year follow-up in an adult cohort from Southern Spain considering smoking status. Complementary cross-sectional analyses focused on subclinical markers of glucose homeostasis at recruitment was also performed. Clinical information was obtained from hospital databases and Cd levels in adipose tissue were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) values of insulin sensitivity/resistance and β-cell function were calculated using fasting serum glucose and insulin levels at recruitment. Socio- demographic characteristics, lifestyle and diet were collected by face-to-face interviews. Cox- regression and multivariable linear regression models were fit. Participants in the 4th quartile (Q4) of Cd concentrations showed an increased T2DM risk (Hazard Ratio (HR) Q4 vs Q1: 1.97 ; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.69, 5.66). This positive association was particularly strong in current smokers (HR: 2.19 ; 95% CI: 0.98, 4.98). Interestingly, smokers in the 2nd tertile (T2) of adipose tissue Cd levels showed an increased insulin resistance (beta T2 vs T1: 0.52 ; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.97), as well as higher insulin levels (beta: 0.52 ; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.95). In conclusion, we observed an association between adipose tissue Cd levels and a higher T2DM risk, that statistical significant in smokers, which may be explained by a subclinical increase in insulin resistance.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Interdisciplinarne prirodne znanosti

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