engleski

“THE URBAN REHABILITATION MODEL OF POST-WAR URBANSCAPE - Defining Sarajevo as the Memorial

This doctoral thesis explores the possibility of recognizing the urban rehabilitation models of post-war urbanscape, which could contribute in re-redefining the urbanscape identity, with the aim of preserving the heritage and interpreting the memory and defining Sarajevo as the memorial. The research was stimulated by the post-war development of the city of Sarajevo, in the early 21st century, which is characterized by the transformation of its urbanscape and the complete change of the city’s identity. This transformation occurred as the result of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992-1996), and ifluenced the redefiniton of the urbanscape identity of Sarajevo. The urbanscape affected by natural disasters requires restoration of its physical structure – recovery, while the war-torn urbanscapes also requires the recovery – redefinition of identity, and re-interpretation and discovery of its meaning in the post-war rehabilitation process. The study is conducted using the Heritage Urbanism (HERU) method, where the urban rehabilitation model of Sarajevo’s post-war urbanscape is being developed by setting criteria for re-redefining its identity, and this study sets new criteria for re-redefining the post-war urbanscape identity. The criteria are developed on the basis of analysis and comparisons with examples of other cities in the world that have been exposed to disasters. The use of the urbanscape is monitored during the disaster process and attempts are made to find the basic identity features of the layered historical development of the Sarajevo urbanscape. The aim of this study is to discover the significance of the urbanscape during the disaster process, by using it and connecting its elements throughout disaster phases. On the example of Sarajevo, the study seeks to show how the urbanscape identity should be deconstructed into its components in order to discover the basic identity features of the urbanscape development by accompanying the use of open public places that influenced its design and transformation throughout history. According to the set criteria for re-redefining the identity of post-war urbanscape, the urban rehabilitation models of cities exposed to disasters and models of urban transformation of Sarajevo’s urbanscape are set. The recovery of identity is based on spatial and urban memory and the identification of urban models for rehabilitattion of the urbanscape of cities that have been exposed to natural and man-made disasters. By designing a model of urban transformation of the historical development of Sarajevo’s urbanscape, a new urban rehabilitation model of post-war urbanscape is set. The Sarajevo Model is based on consolidation of the discovered models and the existing criteria for urban planning, through the interpretation of the concept of memorials. Such an urban rehabilitation model of post-war urbanscape develops awareness of the importance of memory and defines the memorialscape as the identity of Sarajevo, whereby Sarajevo becomes a model for the city of memorials. By re- redefining the urbanscape identity of Sarajevo, the city re-redefines its identity and within the context of the research, through the interpretation of memory, defines Sarajevo as the memorial. This research seeks to answer the following questions: Is it possible to re- redefine the identity of post-war urbanscape? Is it possible to determine the urban rehabilitation models of post-disaster cities? Is it possible to determine the urban transformation models of the historical development of Sarajevo’s urbanscape? Can the urban rehabilitation model of a post-war city preserve the heritage and interpret the memory to define the memorialscape? This study provides the first comprehensive overview and analysis of the use of the urbanscape during the disaster response process. The importance and originality of this study is to recognize the main factors that define and change the identity of the layered historical development of Sarajevo’s urbanscape. Understanding the link between the use of the urbanscape during the disaster process and the basic identity features of the layered historical development of Sarajevo’s urbanscape contributes to the establishment of the criteria for re-redefining the urbanscape identity. It is expected that these results can have an important scientific contribution by defining a part of the criteria for future urban planning.

scape, urbanscape, identity, rehabilitation, memorial, Sarajevo, natural disasters, man-made disasters, disaster impact, post-disaster recovery, redefined identity, duality, urban vulnerability, urban resilience, urban rehabilitation, post-war urban transformation, disaster awareness, heritage preservation, memory deconstruction, reconciliation, Sarajevo’s memorialscape, open-ended interpretation

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