engleski

Glucosinolates profile of Nasturtium officinale (watercress) – in RITA ® bioreactor grown in vitro cultures and in herb extracts

Nasturtium officinale R. Br. (Brassicaceae), is an aquatic, partially protected, perennial plant in Poland. It possesses scientific proven e.g. antioxidant, hepatoprotective and anticancer activities. The biological activity of N. officinale is conditioned by a rich chemical composition, e.g. glucosinolates (GSLs), polyphenols and terpenoids [1]. The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative content of GSLs in N. officinale microshoot cultures grown in temporary immersion systems - RITA® bioreactors and its comparison with the parent plant extract. The microshoot cultures were initiated from seeds obtained from Garden of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland. The cultures were maintained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) [2] medium with 1 mg/L 6-benzyladenine and 1 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid over 10 and 20 days growth periods (3 series). The lyophilized material of in vitro biomass and herb of parent plant were extracted with methanol/H2O (70:30 v/v). The analysis was performed using UHPLC-DAD- MS/MS method [3, 4]. In the extracts of N. officinale bioreactor cultures three GSLs were found: gluconasturtiin, glucobrassicin and 4-methoxyglucobrassicin. The main compound was gluconasturtiin. Its highest content - 182.93 mg/100 g DW was detected in extracts from cultures after 10th days of growth (in the extracts from 20th days grown microshoots the content reached 56.32 mg/100 g DW). The contents of glucobrassicin were 20.18 mg/100 g DW (10 days) and 7.16 mg/100 g DW (20 days). The contents of 4-methoxyglucobrassicin after 10 and 20 days were similar - 58.86 and 49.76 mg/100 g DW, respectively. The N. officinale herb extracts revealed the presence of four GSLs: gluconasturtiin (640.94 mg/100 g DW), 7- (methylsulfinyl)heptyl GSL (92.27 mg/100 g DW), glucohirsutin (42.79 mg/100 g DW) and 4- methoxyglucobrassicin (23.47 mg/100 g DW). Our study showed the differences in GSL profile between N. officinale in vitro cultures and the plants growing in vivo.

glucosinolates, bioreactors, watercress

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