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Multi-criteria spatial-based modelling for optimal alignment of roadway by-passes in the Tlokweng planning area, Botswana

In this study, Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation and the least-cost path analysis were applied to find the optimal by-pass road alignment in the Tlokweng Planning Area in Botswana. One-At-a-Time sensitivity analysis and the statistical test for zero proportion were used to investigate the robustness of the entire model. Four alternative bypass roads were produced stressing economic, environmental, and social suitability as well as trade-offs between the groups. The results showed that social alternative performs best. Sensitivity analysis and statistical test for zero proportion revealed four criteria as sensitive.

Spatial multi-criteria evaluation ; analytical hierarchy process ; weighted sum ; least-cost path ; one-at -a-time sensitivity analysis

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