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Numerical Modelling of Biomedical Waste Plasma Processing in Various Gasifying Agents

This paper presents the results of thermodynamic calculations of plasma gasification of biomedical waste using various gasifying agents (air, water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen). The calculations were performed using the TERRA thermodynamic software package. As a result of thermodynamic calculations, it was found that the maximum yield of synthesis gas during plasma gasification of biomedical waste in various gasification agents is achieved at 1, 600 K. It is shown that at this optimum temperature, synthesis gas is obtained with a yield of up to 96.6%. The maximum yield of synthesis gas is achieved with plasma-steam gasification and is 96.6%. During plasma gasification using a mixture of carbon dioxide and oxygen as gasifying agents, the synthesis gas yield reaches 95.6%. The specific energy consumption for the process of plasma gasification of biomedical waste, depending on the type of gasification agent, varies in the range of 1.22–2.03 kWh/kg. The minimum specific energy consumption at a temperature of 1, 600 K for plasma-air gasification is 1.22 kWh/kg, but the synthesis gas output is relatively small (68.1%) compared with other gasifying agents (steam, oxygen, carbon dioxide). The specific energy consumption for steam plasma gasification is 2.03 kWh/kg. Thermodynamic calculations showed that with plasma-carbon dioxide gasification of biomedical waste with a significant yield of synthesis gas (95.6%), the specific energy consumption for the process is relatively small (1.6 kWh/kg). Note that the use of carbon dioxide as a gasifying agent contributes to reducing the greenhouse effect.

biomedical waste, plasma, gasification, gasifying agent, synthesis gas

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