engleski

Fumonisins and their effects on animal health - a brief review

Fumonisins are mycotoxins produced by certain Fusarium moulds, principally Fusarium moniliforme a worldwide corn contaminant. It is already well known that fumonisins are associated with various animal toxicosis and carcinomas including leukoenecephalomalacia (ELEM), porcine pulmonary oedema (PPE), hepatotoxicosis, hepatocarcinomas, nephrotoxicosis and immunosuppressive effects. Between fumonisin isomers FB1 is predominant molecular form and major toxicant. It has been found that FB1 disrupt sphingolipide metabolism on many types of cells and tissues trough the inhibition of ceramide synthase, a key enzyme in de novo sphingolipide biosynthesis and reacylation of free sphingosine. The second mechanism of toxicity involves changes in the polyunsaturated fatty acid and disruption of membrane phospholipids. Different toxic effects of FB1 were evaluated in many sorts of animals, like Equidae, swine, rat, mice rabbit, chicken, non-human primates and other. Exposure assessment, legislative and efficient detoxification are needed to be done to avoid unwanted consequences and economical losses.

fumonisins ; Fusarium moniliforme ; animal toxicosis ; ceramide synthase ; phospholipids

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