engleski

Influence of hurricanes on navigation in the north Atlantic

Tropical cyclones are intense vortical storms that develop over the tropical ocean in regions of very warm surface waters. The strength of a tropical cyclone, during its development, may be determined by the value of the central pressure at sea level and/or by the maximum wind speed as: tropical disturbance, tropical depression, tropical storm and tropical cyclone. Typical tropical cyclones/hurricanes space scales are between 100 and 2000 km in diameter. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a tool that meteorologists use to measure the intensity of hurricanes. Considering the amount of energy, loss of life, and material damage they cause, hurricanes are the most powerful atmospheric systems. Hurricanes are characterized by their four most destructive forces: strong winds including tornadoes, high storm surge and washover, large waves, and associated rain. Of all human activities, hurricanes, with their devastating power, do the most damage to maritime affairs. The aim of this paper is to present the impact of hurricanes on the waterways in the North Atlantic, linking Europe and North America. General hurricane characteristics like space scale, intensity and structure, formation and development, weakening and decay were presented. The possibilities of their forecasting and warnings of the population, especially of seafarers were evaluated. It was concluded that special attention should be paid to the procedure that seafarers must follow to avoid a hurricane, both on the high seas and in port.

hurricane ; North Atlantic ; Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale ; seafarers

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