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Dietary Polyphenols (extract flower Prunus spinosa L.) and Type-2 Diabetes mellitus

Type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an endocrine disease related to impaired/absent insulin signaling. Free radicals have been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetes and oxidative stress may be a common pathway linking diverse mechanisms for the complications in diabetes. Cellular damage by cytotoxic oxygen free radical species leads to complications in diabetes and must, therefore, be rapidly and efficiently scavenged if cellular damage is to be prevented. Dietary habits can either promote or mitigate the onset and severity of T2DM. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables have been correlated with a decreased incidence of T2DM, apparently due to their high polyphenol content. Flower extracts Prunus spinosa L. is a traditional medicinal plant of Central and Eastern Europe. Was investigated for its effects on antioxidant status in alloxan- induced diabetic mice. The animals were divided into 4 groups: group I – CO (control group) ; group II – ECT (extract flower trnina) ; group III– T2DM (diabetic group) and IV - ECT+T2DM. This study examined the effect of extract flower Prunus spinosa L. (ECT) on lipid peroxidation content and activity of tissue antioxidant enzyme. Administration of extract of P. spinosa L. flower at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight to C57BL/6 diabetic mice for 10 days caused significant reduction in the elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while increasing the activity of the catalase (CAT) in diabetic mice. MDA is one of the better known aldehydic products of lipid peroxidation, which has been the most used as a marker of oxidative stress. The observed significant elevation in MDA level in liver and kidney tissues of alloxan-induced diabetic mice suggests an intensified free radical generation in diabetic mice compared to the normal mice. Catalase protects pancreatic β- cells from damage by hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is a highly reactive small molecule formed as natural by-product of energy metabolism. The deficiency of this enzyme leads, in the β-cell, to an increase in oxidative stress and ultimately to a failure of this cell type. The results suggested that ECT could ameliorate T2DM through reduction of oxidative stress and increase in antioxidant enzyme activity.

Prunus spinosa ; oxidative stress ; antioxidants ; catalase ; malondialdehyde

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