engleski

Water management within the soil-plant system - a chalenge for the 21st Century

The possible relations between main climate factors and soil state defects have received great attention in the recent years. These factors that are light, temperature, precipitation, and wind have positive and negative impacts on soils. We consider it our duty to assess the main consequences of moisture surplus and water shortage in soils. The third goal of this paper was presenting the combined effect of the climate induced and the tillage induced damages on soil condition. While crop production is one of the sectors adversely affected by climate damage, so steps to prevent and alleviate the deterioration of soils are also drawn up. Five of the important solutions are as follows: 1. Cover the surface to alleviate both the rain and the heat stress mainly in summer. 2. Create surface to be adaptable to water infiltration and water retention. 3. Prevent the pan compaction formation in soils and keep the soil in well- loosened state. 4. Prevent the situations may lead to clod (and dust, crust) formation and use crumb conserving tillage tools. 5. Manage the stubble residues rationally ; residue cover is primary in surface preservation, secondly, the residues are basic source of soil organic matter, and also, food of the earthworms

water ; tillage ; yield ; crop

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