engleski

Expression of the activated microglia cells markers in Alzheimer's disease

Numerous studies have documented that uncontrolled immune response in the brain contributes to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although microglia cells should be protective, pathological changes cause aberrant and stronger microglial activation. Uncontrolled microglial response leads to the constant production of pro-inflammatory factors, severe inflammation and oxidative stress that becomes detrimental for neighboring neurons. Therefore, the main goal of this study was to analyze the expression of microglia cells markers in the different areas of the hippocampal formation in the brain of subjects with AD and control samples. We also compared markers for elevated inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD subjects with non-AD subjects as controls. Markers of microglial activation were detected by immunohistochemistry. Different areas of hippocampal formation were examined for the expression of microglia cell markers. At the same time, numbers of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles were compared. The results showed that the expression of microglial cell markers differed in the AD brains and controls. We found significantly stronger microglial activation in the AD subjects and higher expression of the pro-inflammatory markers in the areas of hippocampal formation most affected by AD pathology. Altogether, these results support the inflammatory hypothesis of neurodegenerative diseases and suggest that the aberrant microglial response could be essential for the development and progression of degenerative changes in AD.

Alzheimer's disease ; hippocampal formation ; microglia ; pro-inflammatory markers

nije evidentirano