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Vitamins C and E supplementation during 7-day high-salt intake prevents impairment of microvascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation in young healthy individuals

Objective: We have earlier reported that 7-day high-salt (HS) intake increases oxidative stress and impairs microvascular endothelium- dependent vasodilation in young healthy individuals, independently of blood pressure (BP) changes. The aim of the present study was to test whether such disturbed oxidative balance has direct adverse effect on microvascular endothelial function by functionally testing if administration of vitamins C and E during 7-day HS diet will prevent observed alterations in endothelium- dependent vasodilation of skin microcirculation in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: 51 young healthy individuals of both sexes (26 women and 25 men, age ranged 18-24) were assigned to a 7-day low- salt diet (<3.5 g salt/day) followed by a 7-day HS diet (~14 g salt/day) without (HS group) or with the daily supplementation of vitamins C (1000 mg) and E (800 IU) (HS+C+E group). Laser Doppler flowmetry measurement of skin microvascular blood flow following iontophoresis of acetylcholine (ACh) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used to examine skin microvascular endothelium-dependent and – independent vasodilation, respectively. 24h urinary sodium excretion and BP were measured before and after diet protocols. Results: There was no change in BP after HS or HS+C+E protocol compared to LS. Changes in 24h urinary sodium excretion confirmed that subjects conformed to the diet protocols. ACh- induced dilation (AChID) of forearm skin microcirculation was significantly impaired in HS group, but not in HS+C+E group compared to LS. SNP-induced dilation (SNPID) remain unchanged after the protocol in both HS and HS+C+E group compared to LS. Conclusion: The finding of this study that enhanced antioxidative defense by vitamin C and E administration during 7-day HS loading prevented impairment of forearm skin microvascular endothelium-dependent vasodilation, provides functional evidence that increased oxidative stress level has the pivotal role in mediating HS diet-induced impairment of endothelial function in healthy individuals. (HRZZ #IP-2016-06-8744).

high salt diet ; oxidative stress ; vitamin C ; vitamin E ; endothelium ; microcirculation

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