engleski

Immigration and Integration of Jewish Families in Osijek in the 19th Century

The first Jews appeared in Osijek after the liberation from the Ottomans in the late 17th century but the first permanently settled Jews were registered as of the year 1783. The Jewish Community Osijek was founded in the mid 19th century and since that time the rise of Jewish community had started Osijek. From the mid 19th century a significant immigration wave of Jews followed up in Osijek, which is confirmed by the first official census. The families that had immigrated in the first half of the 19th century, took up the leading role both within Jewish and Osijek community in the second half of the 19th century. Until the 80-ies of the 19th century the majority of Jews in Osijek were petty traders, artisans, of the middle and the lower class but after 1880 there were entrepreneurs, industrialists, bankers, doctors and lawyers. Although most Jews in Osijek were still engaged in the traditional business- trade, a few Jewish families in Osijek stood out and became part of the Osijek merchant elite. They together participated as promoters of the process of modernization and civic emancipation in Osijek until the First World War. The majority of Osijek Jews still maintained their religious and ethnic distinctiveness but as a rule they were successfully acculturated in the atmosphere of the civic culture in Osijek. Along with being pioneers of the economy (They were founders of all the major companies in the city). Osijek Jews were involved in the development of their own confessional communities but also in the development of cultural and other institutions in the city. Due to the development possibilities offered in Osijek at the end of the 19th century and at the beginning of the 20th century, Jews moved to Osijek more than to any other Croatian city. Jewish immigration to Osijek and their influence on the events in Osijek lasted until the end of the First World War, followed by the interwar period of stagnation and after 1945 the once prominent Jewish community in the East of Croatia was destroyed.

Jews, Osijek immigration, Habsburg Monarchy

nije evidentirano