engleski

THE PREVENTION OF AIR POLLUTION FROM SHIPS

The globally recognized anthropological impact on atmospheric pollution and warming and the resulting climate change are sought to be reduced through the adoption of various international conventions and agreements (Montreal 1987, Kyoto 1997, Paris 2015, …). The long-term goal of economic, technological and social development is directed towards its sustainability, which in this context is also transferred to maritime transport in the broadest sense. Transportation of goods and energy products by sea is the dominant form of global transport and, in view of its volume, ships as a means of transport are under particular interest of public. From the aspect of preventing atmospheric pollution from ships, the requirements are contained within the MARPOL 73/78 Convention in Annex 6, which limits the emission of harmful gases from marine energy systems (in ex. NOx, SOx, PM, VOC, ODS) that affect ozone depletion or acidification of water and soil or greenhouse effect. Approach to reducing emissions is accompanied by requirements to improve the energy efficiency of ships (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan - SEEMP) with the aim of reducing fuel consumption and adequate reduction in the total amount of exhaust gases, including carbon dioxide emissions as one of the leading causes of global warming. In view of the requirements and objectives set out in this way, significant changes have taken place in the maritime sector both in technological terms (structural changes on the hull, propeller or rudder design, ..., structural changes in operation - modern engines with less fuel consumption, installation of selective catalytic reduction – SCR system, exhaust gas recirculation – EGR systems, exhaust gas scrubbers, etc.) and in the organizational approach (sailing to weather conditions, speed optimization with the aim of saving fuel and in accordance with the schedule, fleet optimization, etc.). In conclusion, although marine diesel engines are extremely large air pollutants, ships are nevertheless the most environmentally friendly means of transport (mainly because of their huge loading capacity), and, by dividing the total emissions per cargo unit, it can be easily observed that no other means of transport is as efficient, and improvements are being continually explored (alternative fuels, renewable energy, etc.).

air pollution, ship emission, exhaust gasses, air pollution prevention

nije evidentirano