engleski

Global Issues in Gender Inequality: A Comparative Study

Current research on the position of women in society and workplace is pointing that masculinity is valued in society and in organizations. Numerous researchers have proven that gender and power permeate all facets of human interaction and operate within society and institutions with men controlling social, political and economic institutions, respectively the reality for many women in public bureaucracies is that gender and power relations are patriarchal. This paper comparatively analyses a percentage of women in parliamentary seats of national countries worldwide with Legatum Prosperity Index ranks and its nine pillars aiming to show compatibilities and source of the level of participation of women in national parliaments.This paper's main aim is to explore political gender equality choosing female political representation as dependent variable measured by share of seats held by women in national parliaments, expressed as a percentage of all occupied seats. The explanatory variables in this research are split in two categories: political and socioeconomic determinants which are likely to explain whether there is a gender inequality in politics across the globe. The set consists of eight variables, two political and six socioeconomic determinants: democracy level, GDP, total population, birth rate, military expenditure, gender equality clause in the constitution, share of women in the labour market, share of women with a post-secondary education degree. Data for this survey was obtained from the World Bank and Polity IV Project for133 available countries between 2009 and 2017 and the periodicity of all variables is annual. The analysis consists of two methods: bivariate correlation analysis and one-way (time) effect within the model. The primary goal of bivariate correlation analysis is to check how the set of determinants correlate with the variable share of women in parliament. The bivariate correlation is followed by the fixed effects within estimation regression, which consists of the normal OLS regression, across four different models. The results of the analysis conducted on both national and global levels show qualitative and quantitative aspects of interconnection in-between political and socioeconomic determinants with women representation in the parliament.

gender inequality, gender diversity, political gender equality

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