engleski

Dysphagia during treatment with antipsychotics – data from literature

Adults with mental illness may experience a higher incidence of dysphagia and choking due to factors such as medication side effects and behavioural abnormalities. Dysphagia is a common and significant cause of morbidity and mortality in adults with mental illness. Neuroleptic medications may result in extrapyramidal symptoms that can affect swallowing. Both oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing may be affected. Unlike the more common causes of dysphagia, especially in the elderly, drug-induced dysphagia may be reversible. Both typical and atypical antipsychotics can be associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia. Most swallowing disorders in schizophrenia seem to fall into one of two categories, changes in eating and swallowing due to the illness itself and changes related to psychotropic medications. Behavioral changes related to the illness often involve eating too quickly or taking inappropriately large boluses of food. iatrogenic problems are mostly related to drug-induced extrapyramidal side effects, including drug- induced parkinsonism, dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia, but may also include xerostomia, sialorrhea, and changes related to sedation. Dysphagia is a prevalent difficulty among aging adults. Antipsychotic medications in older patients have been associated with dysphagia. The results of the study performed with purpose to determine if hospitalized patients who were exposed to antipsychotic medications had worse swallowing function than those who were not exposed showed that higher doses of antipsychotic medication were associated with worse swallowing function. Conclusion: Antipsychotics can be associated with dysphagia. Further investigations should clarify the role of dosage of antipsychotic in occurrence of dysphagia.

antipsychotics ; dosage ; dysphagia ; dystonia ; treatment

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