engleski

Salivary levels of calcium, magnesium and phosphate in correlation with oral and systemic health

Concentrations of calcium, magnesium and phosphate in the saliva reflect many orodental functions of saliva: remineralisation processes, buffering ability, oral microbiota and periodontal bone metabolism. Referent values are established but affected by factors including saliva roles in food and bacteria clearance, mastication, lubrication, digestion, antimicrobial defence and buffering effect. Increased salivary calcium and phosphate concentrations may reflect systemic conditions or physiology processes, as increase with age and in saliva of menopausal women ; or some disease processes, as in saliva of cystic fibrosis patients. Increased inorganic salivary calcium, phosphate, pH and flow rate are correlated with orodental conditions as well, like periodontitis and lower caries suspectibility. Salivary minerals measurement is still finding its way in dental experimental and clinical research. There are several different methods of saliva sampling and laboratory assessement of salivary minerals that may result in inconsistent findings. Measurements of salivary magnesium and phosphate by standard spectrophotometry or microwave assisted inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry are consistent. Although, these two methods are not consistent for measurement of salivary calcium. It is important to be aware of how different laboratory methods may affect results for salivary calcium. In salivary mineral analysis, sampling and laboratory methods are improving but it is still complex to clearly correlate findings with clinical outcomes.

saliva ; calcium ; magnesium ; phosphate

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