engleski

Chronic ulcerative stomatitis in maltese dog-a case report

Canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis (CCUS) or chronic ulcerative paradental stomatitis is a painful and often debilitating disease, with focal to diffuse ulcerations in mucous membranes, mucosal inflammation and, in some severe cases, mucosal necrosis. Changes usually appear on mucosal surfaces opposite plaque on dentition, lateral surfaces of the tongue, the glossopalatine fold and the mucocutaneous junctions of the lips. A higher prevalence has been noted in middle-aged male castrated dogs especially in Maltese dogs, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Labrador Retrievers, Greyhounds and Scottish Terriers. A five-year- old female Maltese dog was presented for a history of six months of halitosis, ptyalism, bloody saliva and oral pain. Complete clinical examination, complete blood count and serum biochemistry was conducted and revealed mild neutrophilia and leucocytosis. A thorough oral examination, with X-rays under anaesthesia, was performed, with no signs of calculi due to regular dentistry cleaning. Moderate stomatitis with vesicles and ulcerations were observed on the gingiva of the canine teeth, both maxillar premolars and on the lateral aspects of the tongue, with necrosis. Periodontal probing was normal in all teeth (0.5 mm) without signs of periodontitis. Microscopic findings of three mm punch biopsies revealed increased thickness of the epithelial mucosal layer with subepithelial lichenoid infiltrate that mainly consisted of plasma cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils, with multifocal necrosis up to subepithelial area. CCUS is a disease that is poorly understood and needs a multidisciplinary approach. Differential diagnoses for canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis include autoimmune subepidermal blistering diseases, epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma, and uremic stomatitis. Biopsy with pathohistological diagnosis is inescapable. Treatment usually consists of systemic glucocorticoids, antibiotics and local antiseptics, with the tendency to relapse.

mucous membranes ; stomatitis ; inflamation ; maltese dog

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