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Livy and the Third Illyrian War: an analytical approach

Author gives new perspective to several key problems of Livy’s information about the Third Illyrian War. Namely, about the circumstances on the Eastern shores of the Adriatic which conditioned Rome’s military intervention, strategic and contributory causes behind the declaration of war and the position of Genthius as an ally (or a foe?) before the war and Rome’s suspiciousness in the Illyrian king. Further on, author examines Anicius’ original military task and proves the existence of his predecessor, Appius Claudius Centho, while the meaning behind Livy’s term ‘Illyricum’ (given to be commanded by Roman commanders) territorially equates with the Roman Protectorate in the context of the Third Illyrian and Macedonian War. The article gives new perspective on the probable course of the Third Illyrian War based on a few Livy’s fragmentary information and most importantly, the consequences of the war – Anicius’ proclamation which, with its regional division of the Illyrian kingdom, not only represented the first lex provinciae on the Eastern Adriatic, but formed the southern borders of the future province of Illyricum, constituted over a hundred years later.

Livy, Third Illyrian War, Genthius, Perseus, Lychnidus

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