engleski

Policy of attraction vs. policy of rejection of foreign direct investments in tourism: comparative analysis of Croatia and Slovenia

Before gaining their independence in 1991, Croatia and Slovenia shared for centuries a common destiny as constituent parts of several kingdoms and states, the latest was former socialist Yugoslavia (1943-1991). The tourism industry of both ex- Yugoslavian republics has been relatively well developed, especially in Croatia with its natural resources, focused primarily on the Adriatic coast. In Slovenia, tourist activity was more dispersed, mostly among thermal, farm, ski and coastal tourism. After the fall of communism in central and eastern Europe and independence gained, the common history of both newly established countries went in different directions. With its 10- day war for independence, Slovenia did not suffer many negative consequences and was quickly able to focus its economy toward Western countries. On the contrary, Croatia suffered from the bloody and destructive war until 1995. The ruined economy, war casualties and refugee crisis were the consequences which provoked a dramatic lack of overall development of the country in the next decade. Today, Croatia and Slovenia are both members of the European Union. Regarding the general economic situation, Slovenia is today one of the relatively well-developed countries and thus also an OECD member. Croatia has still not been able to join this, in all respects, the most developed, group of countries. Again, the role of tourism is more important in Croatia than Slovenia. Croatia is an established tourist country, which, considering the current economic power of tourism on the global level as well as future forecasts of a continuous growth trend is certainly an enviable situation. Even when we have in mind the economic dependence of the Croatian economy on tourism. According to WTTC (2018), in Slovenia, the total contribution of tourism to GDP was 11.9% of GDP in 2017 and is forecast to rise to 14.5% of GDP in 2028. On the other hand, in Croatia, the total contribution of tourism to GDP was 25.0% of GDP in 2017 and is forecast to rise to 31.7% of GDP in 2028. The goal of this paper is to discover what part of this phenomenon can be attributed to the different national policies concerning the acceptance of foreign direct investments in general and especially in the tourism-related industries

Croatia ; Slovenia ; tourism ; privatization ; FDI

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