engleski

Predictors for the occurrence of desquamative gingivitis in patients with oral lichen planus

Introduction: Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is an inflammatory disease of gingiva whose etiology is not related with dental plaque, but it appears within the oral lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid. Aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of desquamative gingivitis in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) and to determine the predictors for the occurrence of desquamative gingivitis. Materials and Methods: The study included 40 patients with OLP (mean age 58.7±10.9, 12 men and 28 women) and 45 subjects who were not diagnosed with OLP (mean age 59.1±10.3 ; 11 men and 34 women). The subjects were tested by questionnaire (about systemic diseases and medications) and clinically examined. The type of lichen, localization and presence of desquamative gingivitis were recorded. The effect of systemic diseases (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, allergies, liver diseases and autoimmune diseases) on the development of OLP and DG was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results: DG was present in 37.5% of patients (N=15) with OLP. An atrophic-erosive form was observed in 12 patients. In 3 patients the plaque form of DG was recorded. Predictive role in the occurrence of DG had hypertension and hypothyroidism. Patients with hypertension had 7 times higher risk (p=0.023, OR 7.000 ; 95% CI:1.30-37.7) and patients with hypothyroidism 13.8 times higher risk (p=0.022, OR 13.800, 95% CI:1.464-130.070) for the occurrence of DG. Other analyzed factors did not influence DG development. Conclusion: Desquamative gingivitis is a relatively common in OLP patients, and its development is associated with hypertension and hypothyroidism.

Desquamative gingivitis ; Oral lichen planus

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